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Les "Sentencing guidelines": la détermination des peines de prison aux Etats-Unis
Lors d’un procès pénal aux Etats-Unis, c’est au juge qu’il appartient de déterminer le quantum de la peine d’emprisonnement applicable à une personne reconnue coupable de la commission d’une infraction. Pour accompagner les juges dans leur tâche et éviter de trop grandes disparités entre les magistrats, des lignes directrices – sentencing guidelines – ont été adoptées en 1987 au niveau fédéral. Grâce à un système de points, elles permettent la détermination d’une fourchette d